Hyoscyamus niger - Henbane

Hyoscyamus niger - Henbane by Shirley Ann Nunn

Hyoscyamus niger, commonly known as Henbane, is a highly toxic plant native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa. Known for its distinctive, foul-smelling flowers and its toxicity. Henbane contains potent alkaloids such as hyoscyamine, scopolamine, and atropine, which have historically been used for their sedative, analgesic, and hallucinogenic effects. In small doses, Henbane was used to treat pain, muscle spasms, and aid sleep. In folklore, Henbane is often associated with witchcraft, divination, and necromancy, as its psychoactive effects were believed to induce visions and altered states of consciousness. It was sometimes used in ancient rituals, as it was thought to aid in communicating with spirits or the dead. 

Chelsea Physic Garden has been a centre of medicinal plant knowledge for over 350 years. Established in 1673 by the Worshipful Society of Apothecaries of London, it is one of the oldest botanic gardens in Britain. Its living collection includes species from across the globe, many with histories deeply rooted in medicinal and cultural practice. Today, the Garden continues to inspire learning, offering a space for people to connect with nature and explore the essential role plants play in our health, culture, and survival.